Atitudes e expectativas de futuro na transição carreira-aposentadoria

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31423/oikos.v35i2.16077

Keywords:

Aposentadoria, Atitudes, Carreira

Abstract

Retirement should be investigated considering its multidimensionality as a phenomenon, wherein planning is influenced from the beginning by the attitudes and expectations of pre-retirees. This research aimed to analyze the attitudes and expectations towards the future in a group of pre-retirees from a company in the energy sector. Twenty-four individual interviews were carried out following a pre-structured script and analyzed using the Iramuteq software, using Descending Hierarchical Classification. The corpus called Attitudes and Expectations of the Future obtained use of 75.50% of the analyzed texts and suggested six Classes. In the interviews, the loss of relationships was evidenced and the transition generates reflections and questions, being considered a new phase, with varying degrees of relevance for each worker. The research contributed to understanding the attitudes and expectations of older workers.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Lucia Helena de F. P. França, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira

Lucia França is a psychologist, PhD in Psychology from the University of Auckland - NZ in the theme of retirement and Post-Doctorate held at the University of Aveiro - Portugal - Department of Health, in the first semester of 2019. She completed her Master's degree in Social Psychology from UFRJ (1989 ) on the theme of aging and has a specialization in Social Gerontology (SBGG, SP, 1989). She worked for 17 years as a technical advisor for the SESC-National Department, coordinating Social Work with the Elderly throughout Brazil. She advised Television Educativa (TVE) on programs for retired audiences. Collaborated with the Specialization course in Social Gerontology at Candido Mendes University - UCAM and at UnATI/UERJ. of Social Aging and Organizations. She coordinates a research group on aging in the organizational context. For more than 30 years, she has been consulting in the area of Retirement Preparation Programs for various organizations. She coordinated dozens of studies and published a hundred national and international articles, books and chapters on Longevity in organizations; Retirement Preparation and Intergenerational Programs. Among his publications, among which the most important are The challenge of retirement: the case of executives from Brazil and Nova Zelância, by Editora Rocco 2008) and the organization of the book Multidisciplinary proposals for well-being in retirement (Editora Quartet-FAPERJ, 2012). Lucia has participated in congresses/conferences in Brazil, Australia, Austria, Canada, Spain, United States, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal and Turkey, discussing her research in the area of aging and retirement. She has received several awards and scholarships, among them: Young Scientist of Our State from 2013 to 2016 and productivity fellow from CNPq (2014 to 2016; 2020-2022) and APQ1 from FAPERJ (2010-2013; 2020-2022). Topics of interest: Attitudes, Planning and decision in retirement; Bridge employment; Well-being in Retirement; Retirement Preparation Programs; Instruments on aging in the organizational and social context; Ageism and Etarism. In September 2021, she was listed by the Latin America Top 10,000 Scientists AD Scientific Index, among the 10,000 most cited researchers in Latin America. In September 2022, it was cited again at position 12,566 (Alper-Doger Scientific Index). He has been carrying out several ad hoc advisory services for research funding bodies (CNPq, CAPES and FAPERJ). She is a master's and doctoral advisor.

Silvia Miranda Amorim, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Graduated in psychology from the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) and specialist in cognitive-behavioral therapy from Faculdade Redentor. Master and PhD in Psychology from Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO) - Campus Niterói (RJ), with emphasis on Social Cognition, Organizations and Work. She carried out a doctoral internship at the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences at the University of Coimbra (Portugal). She is currently an adjunct professor at the Department of Psychology at the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and at the Graduate Program in Psychology: Cognition and Behavior. Member of the Laboratory of Studies on Work, Subjectivity and Health (LETSS) and of the Organizational Culture and Occupational Health Working Group of ANPEPP, and member of the board of directors of the Brazilian Association of Organizational and Work Psychology (SBPOT). She is interested in and involved in projects related to aging at work, retirement, well-being at work and psychological assessment in the organizational context.

References

ALLPORT, Gordon Willard. Attitudes. In MURCHISON, Carl. A handbook of social psychology, ed.,1935.

AMADO, João. Manual de investigação Qualitativa em Educação. 3. ed. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra/Coimbra University Press, 2017.

AMORIM, Silvia Miranda; FRANÇA, Lucia Helena. Razões para aposentar e satisfação na aposentadoria. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, v. 35, 2019.

AMORIM, Silvia Miranda; SEIDL, Juliana; FRANÇA, Lucia Helena de Freitas Pinho. Measurement Scales About Retirement Decision-Making. Assessing Organizational Behaviors: A Critical Analysis of Measuring Instruments, p. 87-105, 2022.

AUGUST, Rachel. Women's retirement meanings: context, changes, and organizational lessons. Gender in Management: An International Journal, v. 26, n. 5, p. 351-366, 2011.

BEEHR, Terry; ADAMS, Gary. Introduction and overview of current research and thinking about retirement. Retirement: Reasons, Processes, and Results, p. 1-15, 2003.

BIRREN, James; FELDMAN, Linda. Where to go from here: Discovering your own life's wisdom in the second half of your life. Simon & Schuster, 1997.

BRASIL. Emenda Constitucional nº 103 de 12 de novembro de 2019. Altera o sistema de previdência social e estabelece regras de transição e disposições transitórias. Presidência da República, 2019. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Constituicao/Emendas/Emc/emc103.htm. Acesso em: jun. 2023.

BRASIL. Lei nº 13.079 Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais - LGPD., de 14 de agosto de 2018, alterada pela Lei nº 13.853, de 8 de julho de 2019. Dispõe sobre a proteção de dados pessoais e altera a Lei nº 12.965, de 23 de abril de 2014 (Marco Civil da Internet). Presidência da República, 2018. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2018/lei/l13709.htm. Acesso em: jun. 2023.

BRAVO, Jorge; HERCE, Jose. Career breaks, Broken pensions? Long-run effects of early and late-career unemployment spells on pension entitlements. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, v. 21, n. 2, p. 191-217, 2022.

CAHILL, Kevin; JAMES, Jacquelyn B.; PITT-CATSOUPHES, Marcie. The impact of a randomly assigned time and place management initiative on work and retirement expectations. Work, Aging and Retirement, v. 1, n. 4, p. 350-368, 2015.

CAMARGO, Brigido Vizeu; JUSTO, Ana Maria. IRAMUTEQ: um software gratuito para análise de dados textuais.Temas em psicologia, v. 21, n. 2, p. 513-518, 2013.

CAMARGO, Brigido Vizeu; JUSTO, Ana Maria. Tutorial para uso do software de análise textual IRAMUTEQ. rev. Florianópolis/SC: Laboratório de Psicologia Social da Comunicação e Cognição–LACCOS/UFSC, v. 18, 2016.

CAMARGO, Brígido Vizeu; JUSTO, Ana Maria. Tutorial para uso do software IRAMUTEQ. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brasil [internet]. [Santa Catarina]: UFSC, 2018.

CEBULLA, Andreas; WILKINSON, David. Responses to an ageing workforce: Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom. Business Systems Research: International journal of the Society for Advancing Innovation and Research in Economy, v. 10, n. 1, p. 120-137, 2019.

CHEN, Zibei; ZURLO, Karen A. The role of secured and unsecured debt in retirement planning. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, v. 43, n. 4, p. 667-677, 2022.

EARL, Catherine; TAYLOR, Philip. Is Workplace Flexibility Good Policy? Evaluating the Efficacy of Age Management Strategies for Older Women Workers. Work, Aging and Retirement, v. 1, n. 2, p. 214–226, 2015.

FASBENDER, Ulrike; WÖHRMANN, Anne; WANG, Mo; KLEHE, Ute-Christine. Is the future still open? The mediating role of occupational future time perspective in the effects of career adaptability and aging experience on late career planning. Journal of Vocational Behavior, v. 111, p. 24-38, 2019.

FELDMAN, Daniel. Feeling like it’s time to retire: A fit perspective on early retirement decisions. The Oxford Handbook of Retirement, p. 280-292, 2012.

FRANÇA, Lucia Helena de Freitas Pinho; SOARES, Dulce Helena Penna. Preparação para a aposentadoria como parte da educação ao longo da vida. Psicologia: ciência e profissão, v. 29, p. 738-751, 2009.

FRANÇA, Lucia Helena de Freitas Pinho; VAUGHAN, Graham. Ganhos e perdas: atitudes dos executivos brasileiros e neozelandeses frente à aposentadoria. Psicologia em Estudo, v. 13, p. 207-216, 2008.

FRANÇA, Lucia Helena de Freitas Pinho; HERSHEY, Douglas. Financial preparation for retirement in Brazil: A cross-cultural test of the interdisciplinary financial planning model. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, v. 33, p. 43-64, 2018.

FROIDEVAUX, Ariane; ALTERMAN, Valeria; WANG, Mo. Leveraging aging workforce and age diversity to achieve organizational goals: A human resource management perspective. Current and emerging trends in aging and work, p. 33-58, 2020.

GIL, Antonio Carlos. Métodos e técnicas de pesquisa social. 6. ed. Editora Atlas SA, 2008.

GVOZD, Raquel; SAKAI, Andressa Midori.; HADDAD, Maria. Do. Carmo. Lourenço. Feelings and perspectives of civil servants from a public university facing retirement. REME: Revista Mineira de Enfermagem, v. 19, n. 1, p. 79-83, 2015.

HERSHEY, Douglas; VAN DALEN, Hendrik; CONEN, Wieteke; HENKENS, Kène. Are “voluntary” self-employed better prepared for retirement than “forced” self-employed?. Work, Aging and Retirement, v. 3, n. 3, p. 243-256, 2017.

INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA – IBGE. Projeção da população 2018: Número de habitantes do país deve parar de crescer em 2047.IBGE, 2018. Disponível em: https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/agencia-sala-de-imprensa/2013-agencia-denoticias/releases/21837-projecao-da-populacao-2018-numero-de-habitantes-do-paisdeve-parar-de-crescer-em-2047. https://doi.org/10.5771/0042-059X-2019-3-229 . Acesso em: jun. 2023.

JANEIRO, Isabel Nunes. Dinâmica cognitivo-motivacional e atitudes de carreira: Um estudo confirmatório. Revista Portuguesa de Psicologia, v. 40, p. 179-199, 2008.

JANSEN, Anne; Höchner, Melanie; SCHULZE, Hartmut; ZÖLCH, Martina. Does workplace flexibility help to retain older workers in their career jobs up to and beyond retirement age? A qualitative study in the knowledge-intensive sector in Switzerland. Die Unternehmung, v. 73, n. 3, p. 229-249, 2019.

JEFF, Steiner; AMABILE, Teresa. What do i make of the rest of my life? Global and quotidian life construal across the retirement transition. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, v. 171, 2022.

JEX, Steve; GROSCH, James. Retirement decision making. Oxford Handbook of Retirement, p. 267–279, 2012.

KERRY, Matthew. Psychological antecedents of retirement planning: A systematic review. Frontiers in psychology, v. 9, p. 1870, 2018.

LEANDRO-FRANÇA, Cristineide; MURTA, Sheila Giardini; VILLA, Miriam Bratfisch. Efeitos de uma intervenção breve no planejamento para a aposentadoria. Revista Psicologia Organizações e Trabalho, v. 14, n. 3, p. 257-270, 2014.

LONDOÑO, Angélica María Moreno; BAMBULA, Fátima Diaz. Postcarrera: Una experiencia de los jubilados en trabajos puente. Psicoperspectivas, v. 18, n. 2, p. 109-121, 2019.

MATZ-COSTA, Christina; PITT-CATSOUPHES, Marcie. Workplace flexibility as an organizational response to the aging of the workforce: A comparison of nonprofit and for-profit organizations. Journal of Social Service Research, v. 36, n. 1, p. 68-80, 2010.

MAZUR-WIERZBICKA, EwA. Age management in an organization. An employee over 50–an opportunity or a limitation for companies. In: Forum Scientiae Oeconomia. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Akademii WSB, p. 95-106, 2018.

MINAYO, Maria Cecília de Souza. Técnicas de pesquisa. O desafio do conhecimento: pesquisa qualitativa em saúde, v. 12, p. 261-297, 2010.

MINISTÉRIO DO TRABALHO E PREVIDÊNCIA. O que é previdência complementar?. 2021. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/trabalho-e-previdencia/pt-br/assuntos/previdencia-complementar/mais-informacoes/o-que-previdncia-complementar. Acesso em: jun. 2023.

MORROW, Susan. Quality and trustworthiness in qualitative research in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology, v. 52, n. 2, p. 250-260, 2005.

MURTA, Sheila Giardini; LEANDRO-FRANÇA, Cristineide; SEIDL, Juliana. Programas de educação para aposentadoria: Como planejar, implementar e avaliar. Novo Hamburgo: Sinopsys, 2014.

NASCIMENTO, Pamela Daniel Machado; POLIA, Andreza Aparecida. Planos para o futuro: uma análise da perspectiva ocupacional de professores universitários para o período da aposentadoria. Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional, v. 27, p. 390-402, 2019.

NOONE, Jack; STEPHENS, Christine; ALPASS, Fiona. The Process of Retirement Planning Scale (PRePS): development and validation. Psychological assessment, v. 22, n. 3, p. 520, 2010.

OLIVEIRA, Luis Felipe Rosa de. Tutorial (básico) de utilização do Iramuteq. Goiânia: Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015.

RAFALSKI, Julia Carolina; ANDRADE, Alexsandro Luiz De. Desarrollo de la Escala de Percepción de la Futura Jubilación (EPFJ) y Conexiones Psicosociales. Psico-USF, v. 22, n. 1, p. 49-62, 2017.

SARKISIAN, Catherine; HAYS, Ron; BERRY, Sandra; MAGIONE, Carol. Development, reliability, and validity of the expectations regarding aging (ERA-38) survey. The Gerontologist, v. 42, n. 4, p. 534-542, 2002.

SEIDL, Juliana; NEIVA, Elaine Rabelo; MURTA, Sheila Giardini. Planning and reasons for retirement: Focus groups with Brazilian workers. Trends in Psychology, v. 29, n. 3, p. 456-473, 2021.

SHACKLOCK, Kate; BRUNETTO, Yvonne. A model of older workers' intentions to continue working. Personnel Review, v. 40, n. 2, p. 252-274, 2011.

SHULTZ, Kenneth; MORTON, Kelly; WECKERLE, Joelle. The influence of push and pull factors on voluntary and involuntary early retirees' retirement decision and adjustment. Journal of vocational behavior, v. 53, n. 1, p. 45-57, 1998.

SILVA, Anne Cristine Cavalcanti; HELAL, Diogo Henrique. Sessão especial-Fast Track SEMEAD: Compreendendo a aposentadoria: Um estudo de caso em uma instituição pública do Estado de Pernambuco. REGE-Revista de Gestão, v. 24, n. 4, p. 316-324, 2017.

SMITH, Frances; DOUGHERTY, Debbie S. Revealing a master narrative: Discourses of retirement throughout the working life cycle. Management Communication Quarterly, v. 26, n. 3, p. 453-478, 2012.

SMYER, Michael; PITT-CATSOUPHES, Marcie. The meanings of work for older workers. Generations, v. 31, n. 1, p. 23-30, 2007.

SOUSA, Inês; RAMOS, Sara; CARVALHO, Helena. ‘What could make me stay at work’: Retirement transition profiles. Current Psychology, p. 1-13, 2021.

SOUSA-RIBEIRO, Marta; PERSSON, Linda; SVERKE, Magnus; LINDFORS, Petra. Approaching retirement: A qualitative study of older nursing assistants' experiences of work in residential care and late-career planning. Journal of aging studies, v. 60, p. 100994, 2022.

SOUZA, Andreia Pereira de; FRANÇA, Lucia Helena de Freitas Pinho. Construcción y evidencia de validez de la escala de razones para seguir trabajando en la jubilación. Ciencias Psicológicas, v. 14, n. 2, 2020.

TAYLOR, Mary Anne; SCHAFFER, Meline. Planning and adaptation to retirement: The post-retirement environment, change management resources, and need-oriented factors as moderators. Oxford Handbook of Retirement, p. 249-267, 2012.

TORRES, Cláudio Vaz; NEIVA, Elaine Rabelo. Psicologia social: principais temas e vertentes. Artmed Editora, 2022.

TUR-SINAI, Aviad; LOWENSTEIN, Ariela; KATZ, Ruth; HALPERIN, Dafna; FOGEL-GRINVALD, Haya. What drives older adults to continue working after official retirement age?. Ageing & Society, p. 1-27, 2022.

VOGELSANG, Eric; SHULTZ, Kenneth; OLSON, Deborah. Emotional well-being following a later life career change: The roles of agency and resources. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, v. 87, n. 4, p. 327-346, 2018.

WANG, Mo; SHULTZ, Kenneth. Employee retirement: A review and recommendations for future investigation. Journal of Management, v. 36, n. 1, p. 172-206, 2010.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Envelhecimento ativo: Uma política de saúde. Brasília: Organização Pan-americana de Saúde, 2019. Disponível em: https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/envelhecimento_ativo.pdf. Acesso em: jun. 2023.

ZIMBARDO, Philip; BOYD, John. Putting time in perspective: A valid, reliable individual-differences metric. In: Time perspective theory; review, research and application: Essays in honor of Philip G. Zimbardo. Cham: Springer International Publishing, p. 17-55, 2014.

Published

2024-11-04

How to Cite

Pereira de Souza, A., Helena de F. P. França, L., & Miranda Amorim, S. (2024). Atitudes e expectativas de futuro na transição carreira-aposentadoria. Oikos: Família E Sociedade Em Debate, 35(2). https://doi.org/10.31423/oikos.v35i2.16077