SOYBEAN AGRONOMIC IDEOTYPE AIMING FOR LEAF HEALTH AND RESILIENCE TO DISEASES

Resumo

The objective of this work was to build the agronomic ideotype of soybean focused on area and leaf architecture,
aiming at plants resilient to diseases that affect the aerial part of soybeans, resulting in increased grain productivity. The experimental design used was that of augmented blocks, with interspersed controls, with treatments distributed in four blocks allocated throughout the experiment. 1449 F3 segregating generation soybean lineages were sown (75% inbreeding). Four commercial cultivars were used as controls, namely VTOP RR®, BMX ZEUS IPRO, Credenz CZ 2607 XTD – BASF Agro and NS 4823 RR, arranged in four replications in a common manner in each block. Based on the agronomic ideotype for leaf health, genotypes are sought that have the maximum healthy leaf area, bearing in mind that the minimum point of leaf area is 23.72 cm² and with each cm² there is an increase of 0.45 grams of grain weight per plant during the flowering period. For the grain filling period, the minimum leaf area point is 21.73 cm² of leaf area with an increase of 0.39 grams in grain weight.