Triacetin synthesis optimization using sulfated niobic acid catalyst

Abstract

Glycerol is co-generated in many industrial processes, so it is necessary to seek new ways to reuse this compound. This work studied the acetylation of glycerol with acetic acid aiming the formation of acetines, applicable in several sectors in chemical industries. The reaction was carried out in a factorial planning 2³ with repetitions at the central point, with varying the temperature, molar ratio and catalyst percentage (sulfated niobic acid) as the input variables, and having as response variable and the response analyzed was the yield of triacetin, which indicates the extent of the reaction. It was seen verified that the temperature, the percentage of catalyst, and their interaction, between both are were significant variables for the result. The use of catalyst gave greater conversions and yield of triacetinHigher glycerol conversion, and triacetin yield were achieved with sulfated niobic acid than with the non-sulfated catalyst. The best yield results (~18%) were observed at the temperature of 110 ° C and with 0.5% by mass of catalyst.