The death of Jean Calas: Voltaire's thoughts on tolerance

Abstract

The main purpose of this article is to understand the concept of tolerance in François-Marie Arouet, known by the name of Voltaire (1694-1778), in the work entitled Treatise on Toleration: concerning the death of Jean Calas. Voltaire's defense of tolerance is based on the principle of human identity, which manifests itself in respect and solidarity between all men, regardless of their economic-social status and political and religious practices. The philosopher places great value on reason, because he believes that it is only through reason that men can analyze, reflect and thus overcome the problems generated by ignorance and religious fanaticism.